Foreigners depicted on king Tutankhamun’s sandals. Image by Asaf Braverman, flickr cc.20
Egypt’s Attitude Towards Foreigners
New Kingdom Egypt (1550-1070 BCE)
Published: April 18, 2016
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Last Updated: September 7, 2026
One such inscription is on a footstool from King Tutankhamun’s tomb. For more on King Tutankhamun’s footstools see Marianne Eaton-Krauss and Walter Segal, The Thrones, Chairs, Stools, and Footstools from the Tomb of Tutankhamun (Oxford: Griffith Institute), 2008.
For more on the complex relationships between the Egyptian king and Near Eastern Kings see Mario Liverani, Prestige and Interest: International Relations in the Near East ca.1600-1100 B.C History of the Ancient Near East (Padova: Sargon), 1990.
For more on ‘tribute’ scenes and representations of foreigners in Egyptian tombs see Flora Anthony, Foreigners in Ancient Egypt: Theban Tomb Paintings from the Early Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1372 BC) (London: Bloomsbury Academic), 2016.
For more information about the tomb of Heqa Nefer see William Kelly Simpson and N. B. Millet, Heka-Nefer and the Dynastic Material from Toshka and Arminna (New Haven; Philadelphia: Peabody Museum of Natural History of Yale University; University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, 1963).
For more on the tomb of Benja see Heike Guksch and Dieter Johannes, Das Grab Des Benja, Gen. Paheqamen: Theban Nr. 343 (Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern), 1979.
Nina M. Davies and Alan H. Gardiner, The tomb of Huy, viceroy of Nubia in the reign of Tut’ankhamūn (no. 40) (London: the Egypt Exploration Society, 1926), pl. XXVII.
Eberhard Dziobek, Thomas Schneyer and Norbert Semmelbauer, Eine Ikonographische Datierungsmethode Für Thebanische Wandmalereien Der 18. Dynastie (Heidelberg: Heidelberger Orientverlag, 1992); J.J. Shirley, “The Life and Career of Nebamun, the Physician of the King of Thebes,” In: Zahi A. Hawass, David B. O’Connor, and al-Atar Misr Maslahat, The Archaeology and Art of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of David B. O’connor 2 (Cairo: Conseil SuprÍme des AntiquitÈs de l’ Egypte, 2007), 381-401. Torgny Säve-Söderbergh, Norman de Garis Davies, and Nina M. Davies, Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs (Oxford: Printed for the Griffith Institute at the University Press by C. Batey, 1957), 23-32.
Such is the case in Tomb 155. See Torgny S Säve-Söderbergh, Norman de Garis Davies, and Nina M. Davies, Four Eighteenth Dynasty Tombs (Oxford: Printed for the Griffith Institute at the University Press by C. Batey, 1957), 11-21. For a discussion about the Nubian girl in this tomb scene see Flora Anthony, “Paintings of Foreigners in 18th Dynasty Theban Tombs, 1550-1372 BCE.” PhD diss., Emory University, 2014.
Erika Feucht, “Kinder fremder Völker in Ägypten.” Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 17 (1990): 177-204.
