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Evil

Genesis and the Twilight of the Gods

The creation accounts, the Garden of Eden, the innovations and life spans of early humans, and the flood story are best understood as an Axial Age critique of polytheistic, mythical cosmology.

Dr. Rabbi

Norman Solomon

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Cain, Son of the Fallen Angel Samael

What made Cain capable of murdering his brother? Why was the flood generation so wicked? According to Pirqei de-Rabbi Eliezer, the fallen angel Samael embodies the serpent and seduces Eve, whereupon she conceives Cain. Engendered by this “bad seed,” all the descendants of Cain become corrupt, destined to be wiped out by mighty waters.

Prof. Rabbi

Rachel Adelman

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The Benei Elohim, the Watchers, and the Origins of Evil

The story of divine beings procreating with human women (Genesis 6) is expanded upon in the book of Enoch to tell how these angels also bring sin to humanity, causing the ancient flood as well, and this sin is the source of disease in the present day.

Dr.

Miryam Brand

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Retribution: Divine and Human

“When Your Enemy Falls Do Not Exult” (Prov 24:17)

Rabbi

Yuval Cherlow

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Ralbag’s Surprising Take on Ruth's Conversion

Prof.

Menachem Kellner

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