Prof. Bernard M. Levinson holds the Berman Family Chair in Jewish Studies and Hebrew Bible at the University of Minnesota, with an affiliated appointment to the Law School. He holds a Ph.D. in Near Eastern and Judaic Studies from Brandeis University. His research focuses on biblical and cuneiform law, intertextuality, and the Bible’s relation to Western intellectual history. Levinson is the author of Deuteronomy and the Hermeneutics of Legal Innovation (1997); “The Right Chorale”: Studies in Biblical Law and Interpretation (2008); Legal Revision and Religious Renewal in Ancient Israel (2009); and A More Perfect Torah: At the Intersection of Philology and Hermeneutics in Deuteronomy and the Temple Scroll (2013). He has published a number of well-received edited volumes, including, most recently, The Betrayal of the Humanities: The University during the Third Reich (2022). The interdisciplinary significance of his work has been recognized with appointments to the Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton), the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, the National Humanities Center, and the Israel Institute for Advanced Studies, where he co-led a research group on the formation of the Pentateuch. He is an elected member of the American Academy for Jewish Research. For more, see http://levinson.umn.edu/.
Last Updated
August 27, 2025
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In a striking departure from prevailing notions of kingship in both the ancient Near East and early Israel, Deuteronomy introduces the separation of powers among distinct branches of government and subjects all political actors—including the monarch—to the rule of Torah. In effect, Deuteronomy provides a blueprint for the modern concept of the rule of law. These principles rest on an even more revolutionary idea: the establishment of an independent judiciary.
In a striking departure from prevailing notions of kingship in both the ancient Near East and early Israel, Deuteronomy introduces the separation of powers among distinct branches of government and subjects all political actors—including the monarch—to the rule of Torah. In effect, Deuteronomy provides a blueprint for the modern concept of the rule of law. These principles rest on an even more revolutionary idea: the establishment of an independent judiciary.
Even before Israel receives laws at Sinai, Exodus tells how Jethro the Midianite advises Moses to establish judges, a unique origin story for the judicial system with no parallel in ancient Near Eastern law collections. Deuteronomy revises the story to credit Moses with this idea after the revelation at Horeb.
Even before Israel receives laws at Sinai, Exodus tells how Jethro the Midianite advises Moses to establish judges, a unique origin story for the judicial system with no parallel in ancient Near Eastern law collections. Deuteronomy revises the story to credit Moses with this idea after the revelation at Horeb.